In the Edo period, Japan was under the rule of an emperor.  Each region had a commander called a daimyo.  The daimyo lords were constantly at war with each other to increase their holdings and power.  Yet, the real power at this time was held by the shogun, who was the leader of the military government.  In 1600, policies or edicts were passed to tighten control over the daimyo and control the influence of foreigners in Japan.  As a result, Japan closed its borders to the Western World, affecting the lives and worldview of its society.